National Symbols of India-भारत के प्रमुख राष्ट्रीय प्रतीक

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National Symbols of India

National Flag:

• A horizontal tricoloured flag, with deep saffron (better known as Kesari) at the top, white in the middle and dark green at the bottom in equal proportions.
• There is navy blue coloured Ashoka Chakra with 24 spokes in the center of the white portion of the flag.
• The ratio of the width of the flag to its length is 2:3.
• The design of the National Flag was adopted by the Constituent Assembly of India on 22 July, 1947.
• The National Flag was hoisted for the first time on the mid-night of 14th August, 1947.

National Anthem:

• Jana-gana-mana, composed originally in Bengali by Rabindranath Tagore, was adopted in its Hindi version by the Constituent Assembly as the National Anthem of India on 24 January, 1950.
• It was first sung on 27 December 1911 at the Kolkata session of the Indian National Congress.
• The complete song consists of five stanzas.
• It was first published in “Tatvabodhini” in 1912 with the title “Bharat Bhagya Vidhata” and then translated into English in 1919 as “Morning Song of India”.
• The present tune of the national anthem was composed by Captain Ram Singh Thakur.
• Full version of the national anthem lasts about 52 seconds while the shorter version lasts about 20 seconds.

National Song:

• Vande Matram, the national song of India, was composed in Sanskrit by Bankimchandra Chatterji.
• It was a source of inspiration to the people in their struggle for freedom.
• It has an equal status with the national anthem, Jana-gana-mana.
• The first political occasion when it was sung, was at the 1896 session of Indian National Congress.
• It was first published in the novel “Anandmath”, written by Bankimchandra Chatterji and was then adopted as the National Song on 26 January, 1950.
• Playing time of this song is 1 minute and 5 seconds.
• No one can be forced to sing the National Song
• Session of Parliament starts with Jana-gana-mana and ends with Vande Matram.

National Animal:

• Tiger.
• Scientific name: Panthera tigris.

National Bird:

• The Indian Peacock
• Scientific name: Pavo cristatus.

National Flower:

• Lotus
• Scientific name: Nelumbo Nucipera Gaertn

National Tree:

• The Banyan Tree 
• Scientific name: Ficus benghalensis.

National Fruit:

• Mango
• Scientific name: Manigifera indica

National Aquatic Animal:

• The mammal Ganges River Dolphin
• Scientific name: Platanista gangetica.

National Sport:

• Hockey